Factors that Influence the Use of Teledentistry in Indonesia During the COVID-19 Pandemic

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the factors that influence the use of teledentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Material and Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design with 163 respondents was conducted. The factors of using teledentistry studied in this study were knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, technology, benefits, and needs. The original questionnaire was constructed in English, later translated into Bahasa Indonesia, and modified to conform with Indonesian. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate (Chi-square test). Results: Respondents who have used teledentistry were 23.3%, while respondents who have never used teledentistry were 76.7%. There is no relationship between knowledge about teledentistry and the use of teledentistry (p>0.05). There is no relationship between the use of teledentistry and knowledge (p>0.05), attitudes (p>0.05), and beliefs (p>0.05). Conclusion: There were no factors associated with the use of teledentistry. The most influencing factor is the benefit of using teledentistry, which can affect the increase in the use of teledentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Differences in Quality of Life of Stunting Children based on Caries Status in Indonesia / Diferenças na qualidade de vida de crianças com nanismo baseado no status de cárie na Indonésia / Differences in Quality of Life of Stunting Children based on Caries Status in Indonesia

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the difference in quality of life of stunting children in Enrekang District based on their caries status. Material and Methods: This study was an observational analitic study with a cross sectional design, conducted in Buntu Batu, Baraka, and Malua Sub-district of Enrekang District on April 29-May 3, 2019. Height measurements, def-t/DMF-T, pufa/PUFA assessment of stunting children 6-12 years old, and assessment of quality of life related to oral health of children 8-12 years using the CPQ questionnaire. Data were collected, 123 children suffered from stunting. Results: Based on the Mann Whitney Test, p value < 0.05 showed that there were differences that statistically significant on def-t and pufa to quality of life of 8-10 years. The p value > 0.05 indicates that there are no significant differences in def-t/ DMF-T and pufa/PUFA to quality of life of 11-12 years stunting children. Conclusion: There are differences in caries of primary teeth between stunting children aged 8 -10 years to their quality of life. At the age of 11-12 years there is no difference in caries to quality of life in Enrekang District.(AU)

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a diferença na qualidade de vida de crianças com nanismo no Distrito de Enrekang, com base no status de cárie. Material e métodos: Este estudo foi um estudo analítico observacional com um desenho transversal, realizado no Subdistrito de Buntu Batu, Baraka e Malua, no Distrito de Enrekang, de 29 de abril a 3 de maio de 2019. Medidas de altura, def-t/DMF-T, pufa/PUFA de crianças com nanismo de 6 a 12 anos, e avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de crianças de 8 a 12 anos usando o questionário CPQ. Os dados foram coletados e 123 crianças sofriam de nanismo. Resultados: Com base no teste de Mann Whitney, o valor de p < 0,05 mostrou que houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes em def-t e pufa entre a qualidade de vida de 8 a 10 anos com nanismo em crianças com impacto e aquelas sem impacto, enquanto os valores de p = 0,05 e 0,295 apresentaram diferenças não significativas no DMF-T e no PUFA. O valor de p> 0,05 indica que não há diferenças significativas em def-t / DMF-T e pufa / PUFA entre a qualidade de vida de 11 a 12 anos com nanismo em crianças com impacto e aquelas que não têm impacto. Conclusão: Existem diferenças na cárie de dentes decíduos entre crianças com nanismo entre 8 e 10 anos que causam impacto e aquelas que não têm impacto na qualidade de vida. No entanto, não há diferença nos dentes permanentes. Na idade de 11 a 12 anos, não há diferença na cárie entre dentes decíduos e dentes permanentes entre aqueles que causam impacto e aqueles que não causam impacto.(AU)

Identification of Lead Exposure Through Saliva and the Occurrence of Gingival Pigmentation at Fuel Station Indonesian Officers

Objective: To identify the exposure of lead through saliva and the presence of gingival pigmentation in the risk group. Material and Methods: The type of this research is analytic observational with cross-sectional study design. The sample consisted of 40 subjects, who were divided into two groups of 20 each: G1: Gasoline Fuel Station and G2: Officer in Dental Hospital. To determine the level of leads in saliva is measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and assessment of the severity of lead-gingival lead line in this study based on the area of the gingival surface based on the number of dental areas. The data were analyzed with the t-test and Chi-square test. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The average lead content in saliva group exposed was 6.66 µg / ml and control group 4.72 µg / ml (p≤0.05). There is a correlation between gingival lead line incidence with exposure to lead (OR = 3.33; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The identification of exposure to lead poisoning can be determined by examination in saliva and ginggiva state, it is proven that the risk of gingival lead (Ginggival Lead Line) in the worker group at the gas station station is 3.3 times more risk than the control group. Occupational safety factors are important for workers at high risk of exposure to the element of lead for additional education on the importance of using masks to prevent the severity of the occurrence of lead effects on overall health.

Analysis of Risk Factors of Biopsychosocial with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in Indonesian Pre-School Children

Objective: To describe the Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in Indonesian preschool children based on biopsychosocial risk factors. Material and Methods: This research is an analytic observational with a cross sectional design toward 506 preschool children aged 2-6 years at East Luwu Regency, Indonesia. The biopsychosocial data studied were gender, ethnicity, personal hygiene, child psychology, age, nutritional status, and dental and oral health behavior. These data were obtained through a questionnaire and clinical examination (nutritional status). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed. The statistical tests were performed at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Characteristics of respondents based on parents' origin, found that the majority of respondents were parents from Bugis tribes (68.4%) with ECC frequency of 72.2%. Regarding the visit to the dentist, 12.6% were afraid of the dentist, with ECC frequency of 71.9%. Most children had normal nutritional status (67%) with ECC frequency of 69.3%. Biopsychosocial factors, which significantly affect the Early Childhood Caries, were parents' tribe (p=0.022) and age (p=0.011). There was an association between ECC with brushing teeth before going to bed (p=0.049), use of mouthwash (p=0.002) and consumption of snacks (p<0.001). Conclusion: Biopsychosocial factor indicators are affect the Early Childhood Caries towards Indonesian preschool children.

Relationship of Oral Aesthetic Assessment according to Self Perception with Oral Malocclusion Condition of High School Students in Sidrap District, South Sulawesi Indonesia / Relação da avaliação estética de acordo com a autopercepção da condição de má oclusão oral de estudantes do ensino médio no distrito de Sidrap, Sulawesi do Sul na Indonésia

Self-perception of dental aesthetics needs to be considered in planning orthodontic treatment because it is known that everyone has a self-perception of different oral esthetic conditions. Objective: To assess the state of malocclusion based on self-perception of dental aesthetics using the Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score (OASIS); to determine the relationship of self-perceptions of oral aesthetics and the state of malocclusion from the results of clinical examinations using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Material and Methods: Research subjects were middle school students aged between 14-18 years as many as 187 students. For oral aesthetic assessment using the OASIS index questionnaire, and to evaluate the aesthetic and anatomical components of the malocclusion clinic using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Results: The prevalence of malocclusion according to Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) showed that mild / normal malocclusion (59.9%), moderate malocclusion (33.4%), severe malocclusion (5.7%), and very severe malocclusion (1%). The prevalence of self-perception of oral aesthetics was 54.6% judging good. The results of the analysis with logistic regression tests showed that there was a significant (p (p<0.001) relationship between self-perception of oral aesthetics using the OASIS index and malocclusion status using the DAI index. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, there was a significant relationship (p <0.01) between oral aesthetic self perception and malocclusion status of high school students. (AU)

A autopercepção da estética dentária precisa ser considerada no planejamento do tratamento ortodôntico, porque é sabido que existem diferenças nesta autopercepção de condições estéticas orais entre os indivíduos. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado de má oclusão com base na autopercepção da estética dentária utilizando o Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score (OASIS); determinar a relação entre a autopercepção da estética bucal e o estado de má oclusão a partir dos resultados de exames clínicos utilizando o Índice de Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Material e Métodos: Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram estudantes do ensino médio, com idades entre 14 e 18 anos, num total de 187 alunos. Para avaliação da estética bucal, foi utilizado o questionário do índice OASIS, e para avaliar os componentes estéticos e anatômicos da clínica de más oclusões, o Índice de DAI. Resultados: A prevalência de má oclusão segundo o DAI, mostrou resultados de percepção de: oclusão leve / normal (59,9%), oclusão moderada (33,4%), oclusão grave (5,7%) e oclusão muito grave (1%). A prevalência de autopercepção da estética oral foi de 54,6%, considerando-se boa. Os resultados da análise com testes de regressão logística mostraram que houve uma relação significativa (p <0,01) entre a autopercepção da estética oral e o estado de má oclusão de estudantes do ensino médio. (AU)

Socio-Dental and Family Living Condition Approach for Planning Dental Care: A Cross-sectional Study among Indonesian Students

Objective: To know the planning of dental care with a socio-dental approach. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study has been conducted on Baubau Junior High School students, Southeast Sulawesi. The sample consisted of 209 subjects randomly selected. The social approach is known for filling out questionnaires with Family Development Index (FDI), Quality of life with OHRQoL-index using Child-OIDP (specific and generic). Family data were: family income, housing conditions (material used in the construction of the house and access to drinking water) and financial governmental support. Family income was classified into three groups. Severity status dental caries was assessed using the DMFT index. Participants were categorized into two groups: severe caries and not severe caries. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies. Results: The most frequent FDI category was very severe (52.6%), while for category Child-OIDP > 1, has a value of FDI category very severe 53.1%. Normative need on FDI not severe was 71.4% with severe caries 33.3% and not severe caries 38.1%. The approach in socio-dental and family condition can be used in dental health services planning. The result of grouping of society based on index of FDI hence group of society with severe condition is equal to 83.3%. Conclusion: The living conditions of poor families in need of dental health care are normative higher and worse, and has a tendency to be more bad behavior.

Knowledge and Self Perception about Preventive Dentistry among Indonesian Dental Students

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and self-perception of Indonesian dental students in giving oral health education and preventive treatment. Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study, with 208 clinical students (54 males and 154 females). Knowledge and self-perception of preventive dentistry was assessed using multiple choice questionneire based on a four-point likert scale written in Indonesia, at Dental Hospital of Hasanuddin University. Assessment of preventive dentistry knowledge on clinical students by answering 14 questions, while self-perception in providing oral health education and preventive treatment was assessed using general questions. Statistical evaluation was done using Chi-squared test and t test. The significance level was set at 5%. The analyses were performed with SPSS 12 statistical package. Results: Both male and female students are reported to have high competence in giving oral health education and preventive treatment (94-99%), but there was no significant difference between genders (p>0.05). Almost all questions were answered by agree or strongly agree. 75% of study participants disagreed with the statement that the use of fluoride toothpaste is more important than the brushing technique for dental caries prevention (PK2, p<0.05). Conclusion: The perceptions of clinical students participating in the study have high competence (94-99%) in providing education and preventive care to their patients, but there is still a lack of prevention knowledge.

Relationship Between Stress Level, Fatigue Symptoms, and Sleep Quality with Oral Health Behavior among Preclinical Student Faculty of Pharmacy, Indonesia

Objective: To determine the association of the stress level, fatigue symptoms, and sleep quality with oral health behavior of preclinical pharmacy students. Material and Methods: Observational analytic study surveyed the students of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Hasanuddin University. From the total 205 sample of pharmacy students, 77 students drawn from the 2017 year of study, 68 students from the 2016 year of study, and 60 students from the 2015 year of study. The study consisted of 4 questionnaires, which are Perceived Stress Scale, Fatigue Assessment Scale, Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire and questions that assess oral health behaviors reported per individual. Data were collected and analyzed statistically using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The percentage of oral health behaviors in terms of the frequency of tooth brushing, use of dental floss, use of tongue cleaner and use of mouthwash increase as the year of study. In contrast to the percentage of stress level, awakening difficulties symptoms, sleep disturbance symptoms, daytime sleepiness symptoms and fatigue symptoms tended to decrease according to the year of study. Significant associations found among students who are under stress with the frequency of dental floss (p<0.05). However, no significant association was found between the fatigue symptoms, awakening difficulties symptoms, sleep disturbance symptoms, and daytime sleepiness symptoms with oral health behavior (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is an association between stress levels with the use of dental floss.

Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction on Quality of Public Dental Health Service from Different Dimensions in Indonesia

Objective: To verify user satisfaction with oral public health services in different treatment dimensions and relate them to demographic conditions. Material and Methods: This study using pilot pathfinder design, conducted in Bantaeng Regency in January 2018. The sample consisted of 114 participants. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, which have been designed according to this survey which has eighteen questions corresponding to the object, with response patterns: satisfied, more or less and dissatisfied. Questions about satisfaction with services are grouped into five domains - 'physical structure', 'relationships and communication', 'information and support', 'health care' and 'service organization'. Satisfaction was analyzed by using Chisquare test. Significance level set at 5%. Results: In dental and oral health centers in Bantaeng District the physical structure dimension showed the highest level of satisfaction, while the dimensions of dental and oral health care showed the lowest satisfaction. Conclusion: Communities in Bantaeng and Pa'jukukang Sub-districts of Bantaeng Regency are mostly satisfied with dental and oral health services based on health service dimensions. On the physical structure dimension shows the highest level of satisfaction, whereas the dimension of dental and oral health care shows the lowest satisfaction.